A rather surprising geographical feature of Antarctica is that a huge freshwater, one of the world’s largest and deepest, lies hidden there under four kilometers of ice. Now known as Lake Vostok, this huge body of water is located under the ice block that comprises Antarctica. The lake is able to exist in its unfrozen state beneath this block of ice because its waters are warned by geothermal heat from the earth’s core. This thick glacier above Lake Vostok actually insulates it from frigid temperatures (the lowest ever recorded on Earth) on the surface.

   The lake was first discovered in the 1970s while a research team was conducting an aerial survey of the area. Radio waves from the survey equipment penetrated the ice and revealed a body of water of indeterminate size. It was not until much more recently that data collected by satellite made scientists aware of the tremendous size of the lake; satellite-borne radar detected an extremely flat region where the ice remains level because it is floating on the water of the lake.

   The discovery of such a huge fresh water lake trapped under Antarctica is of interest to the scientific community because of the potential that the lake contains ancient microbes that have survived for thousands upon thousands of years, unaffected by factors such as nuclear fallout and elevated ultraviolet light that have conducting research on the lake in such a harsh climate and in the problems associated with obtaining uncontaminated sampled from the lake without actually exposing the lake to contamination. Scientists are looking for possible ways to accomplish this.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

The purpose of the passage is to __________.

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• Green algae is generally found________.

• The word 'sensational' is closest in meaning to __________.

• The first songs of the Beatles were ............

ZUNIA12

• Which of the following concepts is defined in the passage?

• Which of the following could best serve as the title of the passage?

• The word distinguishing as it is used in this selection means ________.

• Which of the following words is most similar to the meaning of “rustic” ?

• According to the passage, what does a constricted and harsh voice indicate?

• It can be interfered from the passage that ice would not be flat if _______.

• According to the researchers, husbands should ............

• The topic of the passage is ________.

• What do pads help the players to protect?

• Pollution in water is noticed .............

• According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

• Which of the following is true of standard usage?

• According to the passage, an exuberant tone of voice may be an indication of a person’s ____________.

• Persons on low incomes can access public housing through ______.

• The word "they" in the passage refers to ______.

• Which sentence best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?

• Why do most visitors come to Cambridge?