Cho các chất sau:
\(\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} {}\\ {\left( 1 \right){\rm{ }}Cl{H_3}NC{H_2}COOH;}\\ {\left( 2 \right){\rm{ }}{H_2}NCH\left( {C{H_3}} \right) - CONH - C{H_2}COOH;}\\ {\left( 3 \right){\rm{ }}C{H_3} - N{H_3}N{O_3};}\\ {\left( 4 \right){\rm{ }}{{\left( {HOOCC{H_2}N{H_3}} \right)}_2}S{O_4};}\\ {\left( 5 \right){\rm{ }}Cl{H_3}NC{H_2} - CONH - C{H_2} - COOH;}\\ {\left( 6 \right){\rm{ }}C{H_3}COO{C_6}{H_5}.} \end{array}\)
Số chất trong dãy khi tác dụng với dung dịch NaOH (dư, đun nóng) thu được dung dịch chứa hai muối là bao nhiêu?
Suy nghĩ và trả lời câu hỏi trước khi xem đáp án
Lời giải:
Báo sai\(\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} {\left( 1 \right){\rm{ }}Cl{H_3}NC{H_2}COOH{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}2NaOH{\rm{ }} \to {\rm{ }}{H_2}NC{H_2}COONa{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}NaCl{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}{H_2}O}\\ { \to {\rm{ }}2{\rm{ }}muoi:{\rm{ }}{H_2}NC{H_2}COONa,{\rm{ }}NaCl}\\ {\left( 2 \right){\rm{ }}{H_2}NCH\left( {C{H_3}} \right) - CONH - C{H_2}COOH{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}2NaOH{\rm{ }} \to {\rm{ }}{H_2}NCH\left( {C{H_3}} \right) - COONa{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}{H_2}N - C{H_2}COONa{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}{H_2}O}\\ { \to {\rm{ }}2{\rm{ }}muoi:{\rm{ }}{H_2}NCH\left( {C{H_3}} \right) - COONa,{\rm{ }}{H_2}N - C{H_2}COONa}\\ {\;\left( 3 \right){\rm{ }}C{H_3} - N{H_3}N{O_3}\; + {\rm{ }}NaOH{\rm{ }} \to {\rm{ }}NaN{O_3}\; + {\rm{ }}C{H_3} - N{H_2}\; + {\rm{ }}{H_2}O}\\ { \to {\rm{ }}1{\rm{ }}muoi:{\rm{ }}NaN{O_3}}\\ {\left( 4 \right){\rm{ }}{{\left( {HOOCC{H_2}N{H_3}} \right)}_2}S{O_4}\; + {\rm{ }}4NaOH{\rm{ }} \to {\rm{ }}2{H_2}N - C{H_2} - COONa{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}N{a_2}S{O_4}\; + {\rm{ }}4{H_2}O}\\ { \to {\rm{ }}2{\rm{ }}muoi:{\rm{ }}{H_2}N - C{H_2} - COONa,{\rm{ }}N{a_2}S{O_4}}\\ {\left( 5 \right){\rm{ }}Cl{H_3}N - C{H_2} - CONH - C{H_2} - COOH{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}3NaOH{\rm{ }} \to {\rm{ }}2{H_2}N - C{H_2} - COONa{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}NaCl{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}2{H_2}O}\\ { \to {\rm{ }}2{\rm{ }}muoi:{\rm{ }}{H_2}N - C{H_2} - COONa,{\rm{ }}NaCl}\\ {\left( 6 \right){\rm{ }}C{H_3}COO{C_6}{H_5}\; + {\rm{ }}2NaOH{\rm{ }} \to {\rm{ }}C{H_3}COONa{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}{C_6}{H_5}ONa{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}{H_2}O}\\ { \to {\rm{ }}2{\rm{ }}muoi:{\rm{ }}C{H_3}COONa,{\rm{ }}{C_6}{H_5}ONa} \end{array}\)
Vậy có 5 chất tác dụng với NaOH dư sinh ra 2 muối.