Biết rằng hệ số của \(x^4\) trong khai triển nhị thức Newton \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca % aIYaGaeyOeI0IaamiEaaGaayjkaiaawMcaamaaCaaaleqabaGaamOB % aaaakiaacYcacaaMc8+aaeWaaeaacaWGUbGaeyicI4SaeSyfHu6aaW % baaSqabeaacaGGQaaaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa!43D8! {\left( {2 - x} \right)^n},\,\left( {n \in {N^*}} \right)\) bằng 60 Tìm n.
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Lời giải:
Báo saiSố hạng tổng quát trong khai triển nhị thức Newton \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaeWaaeaaca % aIYaGaeyOeI0IaamiEaaGaayjkaiaawMcaamaaCaaaleqabaGaamOB % aaaakiaacYcacaaMc8+aaeWaaeaacaWGUbGaeyicI4SaeSyfHu6aaW % baaSqabeaacaGGQaaaaaGccaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa!43D8! {\left( {2 - x} \right)^n},\,\left( {n \in {N^*}} \right)\) là
\(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4qamaaDa % aaleaacaWGUbaabaGaam4AaaaakiaaikdadaahaaWcbeqaaiaad6ga % cqGHsislcaWGRbaaaOWaaeWaaeaacqGHsislcaaIXaaacaGLOaGaay % zkaaWaaWbaaSqabeaacaWGRbaaaOGaamiEamaaCaaaleqabaGaam4A % aaaaaaa!430A! C_n^k{2^{n - k}}{\left( { - 1} \right)^k}{x^k}\), với \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4AaiabgI % GiolablssiIkaacYcacaaMc8UaaGPaVlaaicdacqGHKjYOcaWGRbGa % eyizImQaamOBaaaa!43AC! k \in Z ,\,\,0 \le k \le n\), suy ra hệ số của \(x^4\) là \(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4qamaaDa % aaleaacaWGUbaabaGaaGinaaaakiaaikdadaahaaWcbeqaaiaad6ga % cqGHsislcaaI0aaaaaaa!3C2A! C_n^4{2^{n - 4}}\). Theo đề bài suy ra:\(% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaahqart1ev3aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn % hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr % 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9 % vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x % fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaam4qamaaDa % aaleaacaWGUbaabaGaaGinaaaakiaaikdadaahaaWcbeqaaiaad6ga % cqGHsislcaaI0aaaaOGaeyypa0JaaGOnaiaaicdacqGHuhY2caWGdb % Waa0baaSqaaiaad6gaaeaacaaI0aaaaOGaaGOmamaaCaaaleqabaGa % amOBaaaakiabg2da9iaaiMdacaaI2aGaaGimaiaaykW7caaMc8+aae % WaaeaacaGGQaaacaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaa!4E36! C_n^4{2^{n - 4}} = 60 \Leftrightarrow C_n^4{2^n} = 960\,\,\left( * \right)\)
Tới đây ta dùng phương pháp thử trực tiếp đáp án và chỉ có n = 6 thỏa phương trình (*)
Đề thi thử tốt nghiệp THPT QG môn Toán năm 2020
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