Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
In our connected globalized world, the languages which dominate communications and business, Mandarin, Hindi, English, Spanish and Russian amongst others, are placing small languages spoken in remote places under increasing pressure. Fewer and fewer people speak languages such as Liki, Taushiro and Dumi as their children shift away from the language of their ancestors towards languages which promise education, success and the chance of a better life. While to many parents, this may appear a reasonable choice, giving their offspring the opportunity to achieve the sort of prosperity they see on television, the children themselves often lose touch with their roots. However, in many places the more reasonable option of bilingualism, where children learn to speak both a local and a national language, is being promoted. This gives hope that many endangered languages will survive, allowing people to combine their links to local tradition with access to wider world culture.
While individuals are free to choose if they wish to speak a minority language, national governments should be under no obligation to provide education in an economically unproductive language, especially in times of budget constraints. It is generally accepted that national languages unite and help to create wealth while minority regional languages divide. Furthermore, governments have a duty to ensure that young people can fulfil their full potential, meaning that state education must provide them with the ability to speak and work in their national language and so equip them to participate responsibly in national affairs. People whose language competence does not extend beyond the use of a regional tongue have limited prospects. This means that while many people may feel a sentimental attachment to their local language, their government’s position should be one of benign neglect, allowing people to speak the language, but not acting to prevent its eventual disappearance.
Many PhD students studying minority languages lack the resources to develop their language skills, with the result that they have to rely on interpreters and translators to communicate with speakers of the language they are studying. This has a detrimental effect on the quality of their research. At the same time, they have to struggle against the frequently expressed opinion that minority languages serve no useful purpose and should be allowed to die a natural death. Such a view fails to take into account the fact that a unique body of knowledge and culture, built up over thousands of years, is contained in a language and that language extinction and species extinction are different facets of the same process. They are part of an impending global catastrophe which is beginning to look unavoidable.
Câu 36 : Which of the following could best serve as the main topic of the passage?
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Lời giải:
Báo saiA. Mối đe dọa đối với các ngôn ngữ thiểu số ở các khu vực khác nhau trên thế giới.
Câu 37 : According to the first paragraph, why do many parents consider the change towards national languages a reasonable choice?
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Lời giải:
Báo saiDẫn chứng: While to many parents, this may appear a reasonable choice, giving their offspring the opportunity to achieve the sort of prosperity they see on television, the children themselves often lose touch with their roots.
Câu 38 : What does the word “this” in the first paragraph refer to?
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Lời giải:
Báo saiDẫn chứng: However, in many places the more reasonable option of bilingualism,...... This gives hope that many endangered languages will survive
Câu 39 : The word “constraints” in the second language is closest in meaning to ___________.
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Lời giải:
Báo saiconstraints = restrictions: ràng buộc
Câu 40 : What can be inferred from the sentence “their government’s position should be one of benign neglect” in paragraph 2?
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Lời giải:
Báo saiB. Tốt hơn là để cho những ngôn ngữ thiểu số này chết một cách tự nhiên bằng cách bỏ qua chúng.
Thông tin trong đoạn 2: This means that while many people may feel a sentimental attachment to their local language, their government’s position should be one of benign neglect, allowing people to speak the language, but not acting to prevent its eventual disappearance.
Dịch: Điều này có nghĩa là trong khi nhiều người có thể cảm thấy gắn bó tình cảm với ngôn ngữ địa phương của họ, quan điểm của chính phủ của họ phải là một sự bỏ qua lành tính, cho phép mọi người nói ngôn ngữ nhưng không hành động để ngăn chặn sự biến mất cuối cùng của ngôn ngữ này.
Câu 41 : What is the influence of the shortage of minority language resources on many PhD students mentioned in paragraph 3?
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Lời giải:
Báo saiDẫn chứng: Many PhD students studying minority languages lack the resources to develop their language skills, with the result that they have to rely on interpreters and translators to communicate with speakers of the language they are studying.
Câu 42 : The word “facets” in the last paragraph could be best replaced by _____________.
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Lời giải:
Báo saifacets = aspects: các khía cạnh
Câu 43 : Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?
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Lời giải:
Báo saiDẫn chứng: Furthermore, governments have a duty to ensure that young people can fulfil their full potential, meaning that state education must provide them with the ability to speak and work in their national language and so equip them to participate responsibly in national affairs.
Đề thi thử THPT QG năm 2021 môn Tiếng Anh
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