Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.

   In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual fuse. The group contains nearly all of each individual’s life. The rewards of the group’s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.

   While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modem societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration. Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.

   In the third type called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic: the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals: it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.

Which of the following is an example of the third form of cooperation as it is defined in the fourth paragraph?

Câu hỏi liên quan

• Why does the author mention spaghetti?

• The word “excluded” is closest meaning to .............

• What is the purpose of the paragraph 1?

ZUNIA12

• The best way to protect children from improper material is .............

• According to the passage, which of the following is true of humpback whales?

• The word -plausible‖ in the passage is closest in meaning to .............

• According to the passage, the difficulty in diagnosing allergies to foods is due to ___________.

• According to the passage, agriculture could ____.

• What will happen if a dodder plant starts growing where there are no other plants around?

• The word “tolerate” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ............

• What percent of the earth’s area do rain forests cover?

• What is the most likely subject of the paragraph following this passage?

• The phrase ‘as well as’ in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ___.

• Fish are suited to underwater life because of their ______

• According to the passage, which of the following is true?

• The word "obscurity" could best be replaced by __________

• According to the passage, approximately how many non-native users of English are there in the world today?

• It is mentioned in the passage that many gestures .................

• What best describes the topic of the passage?

• In paragraph 2, non-native species are mentioned as ______.