The Rise of Robots

As kids, our grandparents frequently scared us by talking about how difficult life was when they were growing up. They mentioned walking miles to school in the snow, or doing hours of manual labour for little pay. Life has changed greatly since then, and it seems to get easier year by year. In fact, with the help of robots we soon might have to do much at all. But is this a good thing?

By 2030, it’s estimated that robotics will be a $10 billion business worldwide. Companies are already starting to integrate them into the workforce. The electronics manufacturer Foxconn is drawing up plans to launch a factory within the next 10 years that’s completely staffed by robot workers. Meanwhile, an American company Briggo has invented a robot that serves gourmet- quality coffee to customers. With the push of a button it will crush coffee beans, measure exact quantities of water, and even wave a steam wand to ensure customers get the perfect cream on top. Unlike human baristas, it can serve multiple drinks at once and work all day and night without a break.

Robots are also invading our homes. The Rooma is a mini-robot that vacuums rooms automatically according to a schedule. The Robomow is a device that will cut the grass for you while you sit in the shade. Then there’s the Nanda clocky, an alarm clock that makes sure that even the deepest sleepers get up on time. The clock is attached to a pair of wheels, and it will randomly move around the room. Once you finally catch it, you’re probably too awake to hit the snooze button. Although these early home robots are somewhat basic, they will likely become more capable as times goes on.

Although robots certainly help us to eliminate tedious tasks, many people are concerned about a future filled with robots. Some fear that humanity will start to decline if machines do everything for us. Others have even warned about the robot rebellion, in which robots become so smart that they may decide to turn on their masters. These ideas may seem a bit far-fetched, but there are certainly lots of questions that need to be answered before everyone opens up to the idea of a robotic future.

Which of the following is NOT true about the concerns over roboties?

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• The word "it" refers to ______.

• Learning to write is .................

• The word “elite” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ...............

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• The word “thoroughfares” is closet in meaning to ..........

• What does "this" in the third paragraph refer to .............

• The "pounds" in the second paragraph are probably ...............

• The word "them" in the passage 2 refers to_________.

• It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that _______.

• The microprocessor described in the passage will probably be used for_________.

• The word “denotes” in line paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to_______.

• The word “mechanisms” in paragraph 1 is most likely ________.

• Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

• What form of street lighting was used in London when link boys used to work there?

• It can be inferred from the passage that after getting married, .............

• According to the passage, which of the following sentence is NOT true?

• The word “they” refers to___________.

• What does the passage mainly discuss?

• The word “it” refers to __________

• In the first paragraph, the word “elements” is closest in meaning to____.

• Around what time did the university begin to appear?